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Caring For Isopods As Pets
Isopod Care & Info

How to care for terrestrial Isopods in both basic & bio active environments

Introduction To Isopods

Basic Terrestrial Isopod Anatomy Armadillidium sp. ‘Montenegro’

This is a simplified (non-scientific) diagram of a terrestrial Isopod’s anatomy. Cephalothorax is called Cephalon in species where it isn’t fused to the first Pereomere (Pereon segment). Alternate spelling of Pereon is Pereion.

Article Overview

As a hobby-specific business we refer to these little critters as "Isopods", although that term is incredibly broad outside of this context! Isopods are a massive order of crustaceans which contains over 10,000 different species. In this article we'll be focusing on information pertaining to the terrestrial varieties often kept in captivity as part of a biologically active live vivarium ecosystem. We'll discuss the differences between Genres (sub-categories) available in the hobby, how to care for them, and what makes each type unique. Because each variety is fairly similar in overall requirements we've decided to write one simple article rather than multiple tiny ones catered to specific species. Please keep the slight differences in care requirements in mind (described below) when setting up the home for your particular variety.

What Are Isopods?

Isopods are detritivores (consumers of dead organic material), and are an important part of most ecosystems they are a part of. In nature, the species of Isopods we care for are typically found in leaf litter, under wood & rocks, and in other moist areas. The word Isopod is derived from Greek meaning "Equal Foot", since they have an equal number of feet on each side of their body. Isopods belong to the subphylum of Crustacea (Crustaceans), which makes them more closely related to Lobsters & Crabs than Insects. The vast majority of Isopods found in this hobby seem to belong to the terrestrial suborder Oniscidea which contains over 5000 known species. There are a few dozen different species and varieties found in the hobby (only a small percentage are represented at NEHERP), with each having it's own particular traits. In our experience, Porcellio, Armadillidium, Nagurus, and Trichorhina are some of the most commonly kept Genres of Isopods in the hobby.

Armadillidium maculatum Armadillidium maculatum

Isopod Behavior

Reptile & Amphibian enthusiasts can watch for certain visual cues to tell if an animal is healthy or sick. The same goes for Isopods, believe it or not! An Isopod's rate of travel depends on a number of factors including temperature (70-85°f preferred), humidity (55%+ R/H preferred), amount of light (darkness preferred), and even "tightness" within an area. When conditions aren't favorable due to any of the aforementioned factors, an Isopod will move quicker until it finds a more comfortable setting, where it will slow back down. This practice of changing speed of movement based on an external stimulus is called orthokinesis, and is an interesting thing to observe. Isopods are positively thigmotactic, meaning they prefer (and in this case will seek) contact with surrounding objects to help them conserve moisture & prevent dessication. This behavior is why Isopods can often be found grouped tightly together in a social practice called aggregation. When they are in motion, Isopods find their way around using turn alternation, which essentially means means they'll instinctively turn right & left in quick succession to navigate. This is thought to ensure that an individual is less likely to circle back & become prey when threatened, and will be more likely to eventually find a favorable condition during casual movement. When it comes to Isopods, slower movement & finding groups huddled together are both healthy behaviors to observe. On the other hand if they are actively moving around at a fairly rapid pace (without first being disturbed), there may be something less than ideal going on with their environmental conditions. It's worth keeping an eye on them, since observing & understanding their behavior can act like a bellwether for certain problems which can occur in a live vivarium.

We've received a few emails from new & potential hobbyists who have questions regarding aggression & other concerns with Isopods. It's worth mentioning that none of the species we work with is capable of inflicting a bite on a human, and we've never seen Isopods display aggression toward any Reptile or Amphibian cohabitant species. The only concern which is remotely linked to aggression would be interspecies competition. We recommend keeping just one variety of Isopod per enclosure to ensure populations don't end up competing for resources, since most small environments would ultimately end up with just one species thriving in the long run. On the other hand, housing one species of Springtail with one species of Isopod is considered common practice.

Two Methods Of Care

Orange Isopod In A Live Vivarium Porcellio scaber 'Spanish Orange'

The care strategy we recommend depends on how the Isopods will be kept, so identifying the two different methods of care is important. We recommend keeping these definitions in mind while reading through the rest of the article. These aren't scientific classifications; just an easy way to define & separate two styles of husbandry.

Isopods As Secondary Inhabitants:

Most of the Isopods we sell are utilized as detritivores in a live vivarium environment's food web. (Enthusiasts sometimes call Isopods part of a "Bioactive Terrarium Cleanup Crew") In this situation, a live vivarium is designed for another species of animal like an Amphibian, Reptile, Arachnid, or Insect. Isopods & Springtails are introduced to the enclosure to help the living environment thrive. (We'll get into this in more detail later) When Isopods are kept in this way, we consider them secondary inhabitants.

Isopods As Primary Inhabitants:

Over the past few years, keeping Isopods as pets has become more common within both the vivarium & exotic pet hobbies. Isopods are unbelievably low maintenance by comparison to just about anything short of a houseplant, and they make a great quirky pet in a variety of different settings. If a species of Isopod is kept as a pet, or the "main attraction" within an enclosure, we consider them the primary inhabitant.

Feeding Isopods

There are many ways to ensure Isopods can thrive in captivity, and we'll describe the foods & methods which have worked best for us over the years.

Leaf Litter For Isopods Live Oak Leaf Litter

Leaf Litter:

We rely on boiled leaf litter as a constantly available primary food source, and ensure plenty is available at all times. As the Isopods fragment & devour the leaf litter we do our best to replace it ASAP. Hand-crushed magnolia leaves are a great choice since they are inexpensive, frequently available, and thicker than most others on the market. Live Oak and Sea Grape leaves also work great. All leaf litter should be sterilized (boiled) before introduction to prevent contamination from any possible external pathogens.

Natural Foods For Isopods Left: Trichorhina tomentosa eating detritus which accumulated at the base of a Ghostwood straight. Right: T. tomentosa grazing on detritus found on a HD Custom Background.

Natural Live Vivarium Detritus:

Plants shed leaves, many types of mycorrhizal fungi produce mushrooms, and some algae creates biofilm. Each of these things occur naturally in a well designed live vivarium, and are just a few examples of something which can eventually be consumed by Isopods & other microfauna in a live vivarium environment.

If Isopods are kept as secondary inhabitants within a vivarium housing a more complex species, they'll have even more of a naturally abundant food source courtesy of the animal's waste. Nutrients will naturally pass from the primary inhabitant down into the microfauna populations, where the waste will be fragmented & devoured. (More on that later) For this reason, vivariums in which the Isopods are a secondary inhabitant are less likely to require additional nutrient rich foods.

Leaf Litter For Isopods Repashy Bug Burger & Repashy Morning Wood diets. Center photo features Porcellio scaber eating Bug Burger.

Nutrient Rich Foods:

If an environment doesn't offer enough nutrients for the Isopods to thrive naturally, offering nutrient rich foods may be beneficial. This is most commonly required when Isopods are kept as a primary inhabitant of an enclosure (since there won't be any added nutrients from the animal's waste), or when Isopods are kept in an enclosure where they are frequently preyed upon. (Pumilio dart frogs for example) We offer tiny amounts of Repashy Morning Wood and Repashy Bug Burger 1-3X weekly, depending on the size/maturity of the colony. Both of those diets provide calcium as well as a slew of other vitamins & minerals. Our goal is to offer only what the Isopods will devour within 36-48 hours at each feeding, and only offer more food once the original amount has been gone for 1-2 days. If an abundance of nutrient-rich food is left out for too long, it may attract unwanted guests like Fungus Gnats. (Harmless but annoying, more info in VC102) For this reason, it is absolutely critical not to offer too much food at one time. To start, we recommend adding a pencil eraser sized portion of either Repashy Product and checking to see how quickly it's devoured. From there, it should be easier to get an idea of exactly how much a specific culture will devour within a given time. It's better to feed a little less than to feed a little too much.

Foods We Avoid:

We recommend against feeding Isopods fish flakes, rice, cereal, and dog food. After experimenting with all three in the past, we found mostly negative results in comparison to our usual method described above. Fish flakes seem to quickly attract detritivorous mites, uncooked rice seems to harbor & allow for the proliferation of flying pests, and both cereal and dog food seemed to slow the growth of the cultures while attracting unwanted guests. We've seen some commercial products being marketed towards a "once and done" solution towards feeding Isopods within a vivarium. We wouldn't recommend a practice like this, since long-term abundances in nutrient rich substances can result in various opportunistic pests proliferating within the live environment.

Food We've Read About:

Virgin cardboard has been used as a source of cellulose within the hobby for years. Isopods digest cellulose as a part of their natural diet, so this practice makes some sense but the chances of introducing glue & ink is too high for us to risk this at NEHERP. Some enthusiasts recommend adding some calcium within the substrate through powders or cuttlefish bones, but we've never found this to be necessary while using the already fortified Repashy diets & NEHERP Substrates. If you have more info on the topic of adding calcium directly to a substrate, please email us at support@neherpetoculture.com with your opinion. We aim to offer the most complete advice we can, and would love to hear from you! :-)

Creating A Basic Isopod Enclosure

Example of simple Isopod enclosure A simple Sterilite-based enclosure for Armadillidium sp.

Most basic style enclosures are built by Isopod enthusiasts, breeders, or by those in an educational setting. These are a little harder to maintain than a live vivarium, but are far cheaper & simpler to create.

Selecting An Enclosure

We recommend providing an enclosure with at least 6 quarts in overall volume (about 1.5 gallons) to start a small colony from one of our Isopod starter cultures. As the population grows, the size of the container can be increased considerably. The Isopods we work with won't readily climb clean glass or plastic containers with vertical sides. A Sterilite container, small aquarium, or tiny glass terrarium would work great for this purpose depending on your aesthetic goals. Providing a small vented area on the top of the enclosure is especially important, considering adequate airflow has proven to be highly beneficial to Isopods in captivity. The ideal size of a vent depends on your ambient conditions, but we personally add a 2in vent on 6 quart (1.5 gallon) containers, 3in vent on 16 quart (4 gallon) containers, and two 3in vents on 28 quart (7 gallon) containers. All vented areas should be covered by fine screen mesh to prevent unwanted guests from joining your Isopod colony. If you have any of our NEHERP Screen Separator lying around, we'd recommend using it. Other options include more expensive 2-micron filters, and less expensive coffee filters. We use our non-toxic black silicone as adhesive for adding screen.

Substrate Layers

We use & recommend V2 Vivarium Substrate mixed with boiled Leaf Litter for this purpose. The substrate is admittedly a little "over-engineered" for a simple enclosure like this, but it's the basis of all of our breeder cultures here at NEHERP, and we've had great luck with it over the past few years. Substrate should be at least a couple inches deep, and a few inches away from the top of the enclosure. A thin layer of Leaf Litter is then applied on top of the substrate, with care taken to ensure it doesn't reach too far up the sides to allow for Isopods to escape. We recommend moistening the whole enclosure evenly at first as an easy baseline. Afterward, one end of every enclosure is kept slightly more dry than the other to allow the Isopods to naturally hydroregulate. We try to keep all of our Isopods between 73F-83F year-round. If your room temperature is significantly cooler, it may be worth purchasing an Under Tank Heater, and placing it on one side of the enclosure to allow the Isopods to thermoregulate. (We've got models available for both plastic & glass style enclosures!)

Maintenance & Feeding

Maintenance & Upkeep will involve adding more boiLED & crushed leaf litter as the supply is eaten, misting every other day or so, and performing at least partial substrate changes every 4-6 months. Isopods kept in a basic enclosure won't benefit from the food described in the above "Natural Live Vivarium Detritus" paragraph, so it's critical to provide food from both the "Leaf Litter" and "Nutrient Rich Food" categories instead.

Housing Isopods Within Live Vivariums

This section will illustrate in detail how to care for Isopods within a live vivarium environment, and what one can expect in terms of long term maintenance. The following advice applies to vivariums built to the specs described in Vivarium Construction 101, and may not apply to enclosures built using methods we wouldn't recommend. If you'd like to learn how to build a live vivarium yourself, we encourage you to check out VC101.

Isopod Fragmentation of Organic Matter Example of organic matter fragmented by Isopods. Porcellio scaber & a Magnolia leaf skeleton pictured.

Understanding The Role Of Isopods In A Live Vivarium

Isopods can play a critical role as detritivores within a live vivarium environment. They do a great job of helping to process fallen leaves and other detritus produced by co-habitants. The widely held belief that Isopods directly decompose waste within a live vivarium is actually a misconception. Isopods aren't responsible for decomposing these materials directly, but they do greatly contribute to the fragmentation of organic matter. (Essentially breaking things up by agitation, chewing and/or digestion) This process makes further fragmentation by Springtails and eventual decomposition through mycorrhizal fungi and microbes within the substrate more effective. In our experience, Isopods are more effective at quickly breaking-down larger bits of detritus than Springtails, which helps ensure waste is processed a little quicker than it would otherwise. Compared to Springtails, Isopods are also less prone to dessication (drying out) in an enclosure, which allows them to be a little more bold by climbing higher surfaces to reach things which might otherwise be missed. In our experience, Isopods also help to prevent substrate from compacting over time. The light & airy substrate mixture benefits mycorrhizal fungi, which is at least partially responsible for finally breaking organic matter down into elements which can be more easily absorbed by plants. Introducing Isopods to most vivariums is recommended, but is especially important when housing medium & larger species which will produce more waste.

Dwarf Isopod On Alsobia dianthiflora Dwarf Isopod climbing on Alsobia dianthiflora

Introduction & Acclimation

We recommend adding Isopods to an enclosure after the substrate layers & main plants are added, but before the leaf litter has been set in place. It's important to add microfauna to a live vivarium as soon as it's planted, to ensure no opportunistic detritivores have a chance to establish themselves first. NEHERP Isopod Cultures are 100% safe to pour directly on top of the substrate layer, and we recommend evenly spreading a cultures contents within an enclosure to avoid any high points. We don't recommend manual agitation (stirring it up) after it's been poured, since doing so may injure the fragile Isopods. After the Isopods have a moment to work themselves down into the substrate (they usually will pretty quickly), Leaf Litter can be added to the vivarium as the final touch. (The same procedure applies to Springtails)

With the Isopods added & vivarium finished, it's critical to allow both Springtails and Isopods at least 3-6 weeks to acclimate before adding inhabitants. We recommend waiting as long as possible, to ensure the Microfauna have plenty of time to establish healthy populations. We'd expect to find signs of Isopod activity throughout the leaf litter layers after about 3-4 weeks, where they'll be found feeding on the decaying leaves. Keeping the enclosure a little extra moist (75%+ R/H) during this time may be a good idea, to ensure they have the opportunity to reproduce as much as possible during acclimation. Even if your inhabitant species won't need it that humid in the long run, keeping it that way in the short term will help the Isopods get a head start before the primary inhabitant is introduced. This practice helps the plants, Springtails, and mycorrhizal fungi too! :-)

Ideal Natural Isopod Habitat A natural looking habitat for Isopods. Live Moss growing out of leaf litter on top of NEHERP V2 Vivarium Substrate

Maintaining A Healthy Population

All vivariums require replenishment of Leaf Litter over time, but it's extra important to remain diligent if Isopods are introduced. If Isopods are a secondary inhabitant species, additional food sources are not usually required considering the abundance of leaf litter, naturally shed plant leaves, and inhabitant waste which will be present. In some rare cases where there isn't enough available nutrients, adding very small amounts of nutritional food may be beneficial to an Isopod population within a vivarium. The enclosure should be misted daily, especially if the relative humidity of the enclosure drops below 60%. Very humid enclosures can be misted a little less often, with the primary goal being to ensure the substrate never dries out.

A good live vivarium substrate is a critical element which helps ensure Isopods can establish & maintain a population within an enclosure long term. Live vivarium substrate will sustain plant life, mycorrhizal fungi, beneficial microbes, and resist breaking down long-term. It should also remain airy enough to allow microfauna to travel freely from top-to-bottom within the substrate layer. As you may have guessed, Isopods will absolutely thrive in any of our NEHERP Live Vivarium Substrates. :-)

Specific Advice For Specific Setups

More specific advice will depend on the type of vivarium you'll be designing and the type of inhabitant (if any) you'll be caring for. Below we'll describe all of the common vivarium setups which have unique care advice for Isopods.

Armadillidium maculatum, Nagurus cristatus, Trichorhina tomentosa, and Armadillidium sp. Armadillidium maculatum, Nagurus cristatus, Trichorhina tomentosa, and Armadillidium sp. 'Montenegro'
Vivariums Housing Isopods Only

Odd as it may sound, Isopods actually make a great pet for a variety of different types of owners; not just exotic animal & plant enthusiasts. They are a great first pet for kids, a perfect way to build an interesting classroom display (Teachers might want to check out NSTA's helpful page* Ext. Link), and are even a good fit for an office or dorm room. Having a micro vivarium with plants & Isopods is an inexpensive, low-maintenance affair. Partial glass tops are strongly recommended to keep humidity up within both Aquarium & Terrarium enclosures. UVB lighting isn't required, and the most basic (i.e. inexpensive) recommended Vivarium Lighting solutions will do the trick. We recommend misting the enclosure at least once daily. The V2 Substrate which comes with our kits should last for years, and the only special instruction for an Isopod-only vivarium is crushing up some boiled leaf litter & mixing it into the substrate layer before the enclosure is finished. We try to keep all of our Isopods between 73F-83F year-round. If you need to heat your enclosure, we recommend placing an Under Tank Heater on the side to increase temperatures. Beyond that, an Isopod vivarium is set up just like any other.

Animals which eat terrarium Isopods A few examples of small species which might prey upon terrestrial Isopods
Vivariums Housing Small Insectivores

Isopods are technically a suitable prey item for a ton of different small Reptiles & Amphibians. It goes without saying that we recommend keeping your primary inhabitant (whatever it may be) very well fed. Doing so will usually help to minimize (or at least decrease) Isopod predation, from what we've seen. An inhabitant which eats a few Isopods here & there won't usually damage an established population within a vivarium, since the colony within should be able to keep up by producing new offspring. It's possible (although rare) that certain species of animal may more heavily prey upon the Isopods, which can eventually lead to a dwindling microfauna population. This is a more common problem for species like Dart Frogs, and it may sometimes be necessary & beneficial to add a small starter culture every so often to ensure the numbers stay high. Keepers of Ranitomeya and (especially) Oophaga Dart Frogs regularly add Isopods to their enclosures, since freshly morphed froglets require (or at least strongly benefit from) a steady diet of Isopods. We recommend Dwarf Isopods for vivariums which will be housing smaller inhabitant species.

Animals which won't eat Isopods Crested Geckos, Green Tree Pythons, Gehyra marginata, and Rhacodactylus leachianus are just a few examples of larger species which won't typically prey upon Isopods
Vivariums Housing Medium & Large Species

Larger inhabitant species create a higher volume of waste, and this generally requires a more effective means of organic fragmentation to prevent it from accumulating. For this and many other reasons, having an established population of Isopods is especially critical when housing medium & large inhabitants. A healthy population of microfauna will be better able to keep up with the fragmentation of organic waste, which makes it easier for the mycorrhizal fungi & microbes to break things down into elements which can be more easily utilized by plants. (This may be an oversimplification, but you get the idea!) Consequences of not having a healthy microfauna population include issues like waste accumulation and the establishment of unwanted detritivore species (fungus gnats, etc). Dwarf, Porcellio, or Armadillidium Isopods are all fine choices for medium & large inhabitant species.

About The Isopods

What makes each type different

If you are looking through this section in hopes to find the type of Isopod which will be visible most often in a vivarium, it's important to understand that the environmental conditions will play a major role. Each species is generally most active at night, but we've found that they will be more active during the day if conditions are especially humid, and a darker (shadowed) area of the enclosure is made available to them. If an enclosure is particularly dry with no shaded spots for the Isopods to explore, it's very unlikely that they'll come out during the day.

We carry and work with a handful of different species & morphs, but there are tons more available in the hobby. :-) Hobbyists all over the place seem to be working with new & exciting morphs every year, and we're looking forward to learning more & working with different varieties as time goes on. In the meantime, we'll summarize the three categories we use to keep track of Isopods at NEHERP.

Zebra Isopods Chocolate Zebra Isopods Montenegro Isopods

Left to right: Armadillidium maculatum, Armadillidium maculatum 'Chocolate', Armadillidium sp. 'Montenegro'

Armadillidium (Genus)

These are the largest Isopods we work with, approaching 5/8in in length. Species in this genus are able to roll into a ball when they are disturbed, which helps to protect their soft underbelly while only exposing their harder shell. This behavior has earned them the common names "Roly Poly" and "Pillbug". Unlike our smaller varieties, these reproduce significantly slower and are far less common in the hobby. Although they perform the same function as any other Isopod we carry in a live vivarium environment, Armadillidium species seem to be more commonly kept as pets by invertebrate enthusiasts. If they'll be used as a detritivore within a vivarium designed for another primary inhabitant, we strongly recommend allowing extra time to ensure they can establish a large enough population. Otherwise, these are a great choice for those who are looking to build a micro-vivarium with Isopods as the primary inhabitant. ...show more info


Zebra Isopods Zebra Isopods
About Armadillidium maculatum:
These are affectionately known as "Zebra Pillbugs" within the hobby. Native to Europe & Northern Asia, their blackish-gray & white striping stands out on any vivarium substrate. They seem to explore enclosures without much shyness, and tend to stay in view once a population is established. They tend to explore more when humidity is high & there are a few dimly lit areas available to them. An awesome choice for those looking for a starter Isopod Pet.
Chocolate Zebra Isopods Chocolate Zebra Isopods
About Armadillidium maculatum 'Chocolate':
These are hand-selected Armadillidium maculatum which have been line bred for a dark brown coloration. Available Isopods are bred from a line which was separated from one of our cultures in early 2017 by a young student team member of ours who took the project on as an experiment, after he'd seen line-bred Isopods being talked about on social media. Unexpectedly cool stuff! This is an ongoing project which is constantly improving.
Montenegro Isopods Montenegro Isopods
About Armadillidium sp. 'Montenegro':
Commonly referred to as "Clown Isopods" by enthusiasts. These are some of the more rare Isopods in the hobby today, and are the "newest to the hobby" species that we currently offer. Young individuals have slightly more drab coloration with the top row of spots being white/gray in color. As the Isopods mature, their skirt coloration seems to become brighter orange, and the white/gray row of spots turns to bright yellow.
Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'Gray' Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'Purple' Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'White'

Left to right: Nagurus cristatus, Isopoda Sp. 'Dwarf Purple', Trichorhina tomentosa

Dwarf Species (Colloquial Classification)

The 'Dwarf Isopod' label applied to these varieties stems from the hobby, and doesn't reflect an official taxonomic rank. These Isopods are just under 1/4in long as adults, and are the smallest varieties we offer. Younger specimens are only slightly larger than common Springtails (Collembola), making them more difficult to spot than their larger cousins. These Isopods are our top-choice for use as a cleanup crew within a live vivarium housing most inhabitant species. They reproduce fairly quickly, are easy to manage, and seem to be active both day and night. We consider Dwarf Isopods to be suitable for all tropical & temperate enclosures which have fairly moist (not necessarily wet) substrate, and a minimum of 50% relative humidity. In addition to being kept as pets & utilized as detritivores within live vivarium environments, these dwarf species are sometimes offered as feeders for small insectivores. Dwarf varieties seem to reproduce fastest when kept between 70-80F, but they will survive in both higher and lower temperatures. ...show more info


Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'Gray' Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'Gray'
About Dwarf Gray Isopods:
We consider Dwarf Gray Isopods (Nagurus cristatus) a tropical species. These are frequently found in tropical greenhouses, which has earned them the colloquial name of "Greenhouse Woodlouse". The line we work with was actually unexpectedly sourced from a shipment of tropical plants from Florida back in 2012. (We believe our line originally came from Central or South America) From From what we've been told, it seems that Nagurus cristatus is actually a parthenogenetic species. (All female, producing asexually) This variety seems to reproduce a slightly slower than our other dwarf Isopods, so they are available less often. These are also called "Dwarf Striped Isopods".
Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'Purple' Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'Purple'
About Dwarf Purple Isopods:
Adult Dwarf Purple Isopods seem to have a slightly purple/brown hue. (Well illustrated in this example photo) We've found that they are happy to explore upper regions of backgrounds & wood decor, so long as there is enough moisture present within the enclosure. There has been debate within the hobby for years about the official name for this species, but we aren't confident enough to post one way or another. We've seen them colloquially referred to as "Costa Rican Purple Isopods", "Jungle Purple Isopods", and a handful of other names. If you have information on the official species name of these Isopods, please let us know. We'd love to learn!
Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'White' Isopoda Dwarf Sp. 'White'
About Dwarf White Isopods:
Like the purple variety, Trichorhina tomentosa are also keen on venturing upward within a moist enclosure, and can sometimes be found on backgrounds & other hardscape decor. They are the easiest dwarf variety to spot due to their coloration. (Here's another decent closeup photo) We're told their native range extends from Central to South America, so we consider them a tropical species. Dwarf White Isopods are among the most commonly utilized & easiest to keep species in the live vivarium hobby. Other colloquial names for these include "Dwarf Tropical Woodlice", "Tropical White Isopods", "Dwarf White Sowbugs", and "Dwarf White Woodlice".
Porcellio scaber Porcellio scaber 'Dalmation' Porcellio scaber 'Spanish Orange'

Left to right: Porcellio scaber, Porcellio scaber 'Dalmation', Porcellio scaber 'Spanish Orange'

Porcellio(Genus)

This is one seriously prolific little Isopod which has established populations on every continent except for Antarctica. Adults grow to around 3/4in long, making them significantly larger than the Dwarf varieties we work with. While there are a few Isopod enthusiasts keeping these as pets, we've found that the majority of our clients utilize Porcellio scaber as detritivores within live Vivariums & other enclosures which would benefit from their company. We consider this species an excellent choice for all temperate & tropical live vivariums (50-95% relative humidity) which house medium or large inhabitants. (Over 6-7in long) Colloquial names for this widespread species include "Rough Woodlouse", "Common Woodlouse", and "European Woodlouse". Porcellio species can't roll into a ball like their Armadillidium cousins. We keep these between 70-84F, and provide a slightly moist substrate at all times. It's especially important to provide a source of leaf litter when keeping this species, since hungry individuals can sometimes turn on live plants when their preferred food source runs short. If Porcellio scaber Isopods begin munching on plants in your enclosure while plenty of leaf litter is available (this is extremely uncommon), we recommend offering more nutrient rich foods (Repashy Bug Burger or Repashy Morning Wood) using the methods described earlier in this article.

All three of the varieties we work with (natural/wild type, 'Dalmation', and 'Spanish Orange') are different lines of the same species (P. scaber). For that reason, the care recommendations & behavioral analysis above applies to all three varieties. There are over 190 species of Porcellio, and we look forward to working with new types in the future. When we do, we'll be sure to update this article.

Summary

Whether observed in nature or introduced to an engineered living ecosystem, terrestrial Isopods are fascinating little creatures. They are extremely important to both the natural ecosystems outdoors and the live vivarium environments we enjoy building. We hope you enjoyed our article, and hope you'll reach out if you have any questions.

Store Links

A bunch of supplies which were referenced in this article:

Live Dwarf Tropical Isopods For Sale
Isopod Cultures View Item
Isopod Breeding Kit
Isopod Breeding Kit View Item
NEHERP Isopod Substrate
Substrate For Isopod Enclosures & Live Vivariums View Item
Glass Tops For Exo Terra Enclosures
NEHERP Glass Terrarium Inserts For Exo Terra Enclosures View Item
Glass Tops For Zoo Med Enclosures
NEHERP Glass Terrarium Inserts For Zoo Med Enclosures View Item
Leaf Litter
NEHERP Leaf Litter View Item
Repashy Bug Burger, Food For Isopods
Repashy Bug Burger View Item
Repashy Morning Wood, Food For Isopods
Repashy Morning Wood View Item
Live Springtail Cultures
Live Springtail Cultures View Item
Thanks & Community References:

The vivarium, exotic plant, and herpetofauna enthusiast communities we serve are incredible, and the pool of knowledge they bring to the table can't be understated. We sincerely thank them for supporting our company and offering a seemingly endless stream of information over the years. In addition to community experience, a fair portion of the information in this article was siphoned from the brilliant mind of our team member Mike W, who has been running our Live Department for 5+ years now. Our team as a whole is proud to have accumulated over 20 years of combined experience working with Isopods, and we look forward to learning more as time goes on. We wanted to be sure that we got our facts straight on a couple different topics before publishing this article, and hope you find the below references useful! If you think anything in our article could use a correction, update, or just extra info please let us know. Our goal is to offer the best info we can, and we're always eager to learn.

Other References:

"Isopoda" Wikipedia. Wikipedia.org,
Accessed 9 Aug. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopoda
(Info used: Definition, scientific classifications, species count)
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"Woodlouse" Wikipedia. Wikipedia.org,
Accessed 9 Aug. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodlouse
(Info used: Scientific classifications, diversity, common names, native range)
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"Armadillidium" Wikipedia. Wikipedia.org,
Accessed 9 Aug. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armadillidium
(Info used: Scientific classifications, native range)
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"Porcellio" Wikipedia. Wikipedia.org,
Accessed 9 Aug. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcellio
(Info used: Scientific classifications, diversity)
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"Taxis" Wikipedia. Wikipedia.org,
Accessed 9 Aug. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxis
(Info used: Definition of Taxis & corresponding stimuli)
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"Porcellio scaber" Animal Diversity Web. / University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Cynthia Riggio
2013, animaldiversity.org/accounts/Porcellio_scaber/
(Info used: Physical description, behavioral)
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"Increased Turn Alternation by Woodlice (Porcellio scaber) in Response to a Predatory Spider, Dysdera crocata" Glen D Carbines, Roger M Dennis, Robert R Jackson
1 Jan. 2001, escholarship.org/uc/item/2t8495g5
(Info used: Turn alternation confirmation for Porcellio)
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"Decision-Making and Turn Alternation in Pill Bugs (Armadillidium Vulgare)" International Journal of Comparative Psychology, Tohru Moriyama
1999, escholarship.org/uc/item/1wn9s57r
(Info used: Turn alternation confirmation for Armadillidium)
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"Individual Preferences and Social Interactions Determine the Aggregation of Woodlice" Cédric Devigne, Pierre Broly, Jean-Louis Deneubourg
25 Feb. 2011, doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017389
(Info used: Understanding thigmokinesis & aggregation)
----
All referenced links accessed between June 2017 and January 2018
Reference URLs direct you away from our site where our privacy policy doesn't apply

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